Echoes of Independence: Ussher Fort’s Untold Role in Ghana’s Journey To Freedom

As Ghana approaches its 68th Independence Day on March 6, 2025, it is crucial to delve into the nation’s profound journey towards freedom. This celebration not only marks a significant historical event but also embodies the enduring values of independence, self-determination, and economic sovereignty that continue to resonate within the national narrative. Central to this historical narrative is Ussher Fort, a poignant symbol of resilience and a steadfast observer of the trials, tribulations, and sacrifices endured by Ghanaians in their quest for liberation.

The Legacy of Ussher Fort

Nestled in the vibrant neighborhood of James Town, Accra, Ussher Fort stands as a testament to the complex colonial history of Ghana. Constructed by the Dutch in 1649, it was subsequently seized by the British, becoming an integral part of the transatlantic slave trade and colonial governance. During the tumultuous years leading up to Ghana’s independence, the fort transformed into a holding site for many notable nationalist leaders, including the prominent figure of Dr. Kwame Nkrumah.

Historian Samuel Akwa aptly characterizes Ussher Fort as “a symbol of our resilience,” capturing the essence of the fort’s role during pivotal moments in Ghana’s fight for self-governance. The fort not only housed individuals who challenged colonial rule but also stood as a chilling reminder of the oppressions faced by generations of Ghanaians. Today, its walls echo with the stories of courage and determination that fueled the independence movement, reminding us of the collective effort required to achieve the freedom that is now celebrated across the nation.

As Ghanaians reflect on the significance of their sovereignty, the legacy of Ussher Fort persists as a source of inspiration, encapsulating the struggles of the past while igniting discussions about the future of self-rule, national identity, and economic progress.

Samuel Akwa, a historian, head of education at the Ghana Museum and officer in charge at Christiansborg

Independence or Dependency?

Despite achieving independence in 1957, Ghana remains economically reliant on Western powers. Akwa recalls Nkrumah’s assertion that “the independence of Ghana is meaningless unless it is linked to the total liberation of the African continent,” highlighting the continent’s ongoing economic struggles. Ghana’s continued reliance on foreign aid and trade reveals a paradox, as the nation grapples with dependency despite its political autonomy.

Preserving History and Educating the Next Generation

The colonial legacy persists in various forms, particularly in education. The dominance of English as the official language reinforces colonial ties. Akwa advocates for the use of indigenous languages in schools, urging a rewrite of history from a more culturally authentic perspective. While there has been progress in historical awareness, Akwa acknowledges that Ghana must do more to preserve its heritage and break free from the vestiges of colonialism.

Ghanaian students at the independence square marching

Ghana’s Economic Reality

Although Ghana has made strides in infrastructure development, Akwa criticizes the neglect of state-owned factories and the lack of job opportunities for the youth, leading to a brain drain. The economic disparity between Ghana and the West continues to fuel migration, as young Ghanaians seek better opportunities abroad.

Antwi Justice Junior, a law student at Pentecost University

Voices of the Youth

The younger generation offers diverse perspectives on Ghana’s independence. Law student Antwi Justice Junior embraces the cultural freedom gained through independence but calls for more job creation. Poet and journalist Sanni Mubarrak is more skeptical, questioning whether Ghana has truly lived up to the ideals of independence, given its continued economic reliance on the West.

Dr. Kwame Nkrumah statue at the Kwame Nkrumah Museum dedicated to honor and commemorate him

Is Democracy Truly Working for Ghana?

While democracy has provided political stability, Akwa argues that corruption remains a significant issue. He believes that swift justice, which was more common under military regimes, is essential for Ghana’s progress. Effective governance, transparency, and accountability are critical in fulfilling the promises of independence.

Echoes of Independence: A Call for Reflection

As Ghana commemorates its independence, the nation faces crucial questions about its future. Are the sacrifices made by past freedom fighters being honored, or is Ghana still caught in the structures they sought to dismantle? The legacy of independence is not only a celebration but also a call to action—ensuring that true self-determination is realized and Ghana’s freedom continues to evolve beyond political autonomy into economic and social empowerment.

Ghana’s independence remains an ongoing journey, one that requires reflection, introspection, and decisive action to ensure that the ideals of freedom and self-reliance are fully realized for future generations.